PDF/UA clause 8.2.2: Content is neither tagged nor marked as an artifact (veraPDF)

Every piece of page content must belong to the structure tree or be marked as an artifact (page numbers, running headers, decorative rules). Untagged content is invisible or confusing to screen readers. Usually caused by packages or drawing code that tagging does not yet support, or by a PDF built without tagging.

Fix

‸Build with \DocumentMetadata{… tagging=on} and LuaLaTeX; update TeX Live (tagging support improves every year). Wrap decorative material in \tagmcbegin{artifact}…\tagmcend or use the package’s artifact option; include images with alt= or artifact.